Phospholipase A of snake venoms. I. Isolation and molecular properties of isoenzymes from Naja naja and Vipera russellii venoms.

Phospholipase A of Snake Venoms I. ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF ISOENZYMES FROM NAJA NAJA AND VIPERA

A combination of narrow range isoelectric focusing, electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and gel exclusion on Sephadex reveals the presence of at least 9, possibly 11 isoenzymes of phospholipase A in Naja naja (cobra) venom. Their isoelectric points range from pH 4.60 to 5.66 and their molecular weights from 8,500 to 20,200. The most abundant form (isoelectric point = pH 4.95) has been isolat...

Isolation of phospholipase A isoenzymes from Naja naja venom and their action on membrane-bound enzymes.

Toxoiding of snake venom and evaluation of immunogenicity of the toxoids.

The venom of Pakistan species of snakes (Naja naja, Vipera russelli and Echis carinatus) and lethal fractions of Cobra (Naja naja) venom were converted to toxoid with formalin. Detoxification of the crude venoms and toxic fraction was attained by addition of formalin in several steps and incubation at 37°C maintaining the pH 7.0. Relationship of formalin concentration and incubation period was ...

Isolation and Purification of L-amino Acid Oxidase from Indian Cobra Naja naja

The enzyme L-Amino Acid Oxidase (LAAO) is widely distributed in snake venoms, contributes a reasonable toxicity to the venoms. However LAAO from Indian cobra (Naja naja ) snake venom has not yet isolated previously. In the present study LAAO from Indian cobra (Naja naja ) snake venom was purified by sequential steps of cation exchange chromatography (CM-Sephadex C-25; CM-52 cellulose), followed...

In Vitro and in Vivo Neutralizing Potential of Terminalia Arjuna Bark Extract against Naja Naja Venom

Envenoming’s by snake bite to involve medical emergencies and its clinical management is by the administration of antivenom. As antivenom was reported to induce early or late adverse reactions against human beings, snake venom neutralizing potential for aqueous bark of Terminalia arjuna extract was tested for the present research by in vitro and in vivo methods against Naja naja venom. In vitro...